Bleeding after intramuscular injection - Avonex Prefilled Syringe (Intramuscular) received an overall rating of 7 out of 10 stars from 3 reviews. See what others have said about Avonex Prefilled Syringe (Intramuscular), i...

 
 q After the injection ask the client to hold cotton wool on the injection site. Instruct the client not to massage the injection site. q Wash hands with soap and water after giving the injection, if possible. Dispose of waste appropriately q Do not recap, bend, cut, or break needles after use. Discard the used disposable . P365 lower

IM injections in the deltoid muscle are not recommended for children 12 months of age and younger.1. Table 1: Needle selection guidelines for IM injections in the deltoid muscle using needle gauge 22-25 for children >12 months to 12 years of age. Table 2: Needle selection guidelines for IM injections in the deltoid muscle using needle gauge 22 ...Invega Sustenna (Intramuscular) received an overall rating of 3 out of 10 stars from 5 reviews. See what others have said about Invega Sustenna (Intramuscular), including the effec...5. After injecting the medication, pull the syringe at the same angle it went in to remove the needle from your skin. 6. Put the used needle and syringe into the sharps container to dispose of it (see Figure 7 & Figure 8). 7. Gently press a cotton ball or gauze on the injection site. a. Hold pressure on the site until the bleeding is done. b.Intramuscular injection (IM) is not currently FDA approved for any indication, nor is it recommended by the Committee on TCCC (CoTCCC) or the Joint Trauma Service (JTS). The current JTS Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) recommend a minimum of 1-gram TXA IV, to be administered as soon as possible after the injury (with a limit of 3 hours post ...Subcutaneous injections. These are for medications like insulin, growth hormones, heparin, and others. They are given into fatty tissue and absorbed more slowly due to less blood flow in adipose tissue found above the muscle. Site. for infant less than 1 year old, give in the thigh. for 1 year and older, give in the upper outer triceps of the arm. The injection site is in the middle of the deltoid muscle, about 2.5 to 5 cm (1 to 2 inches) below the acromion process. To locate this area, lay three fingers across the deltoid muscle and below the acromion process. The injection site is generally three finger widths below, in the middle of the muscle. For persons at risk for hemorrhage (e.g., persons with hemophilia), the risk of bleeding after intramuscular injection can be minimized by use of a 23-gauge (or …Introduction. Injections are among the most common health care procedures throughout the world, with at least 16 billion administered in developing and transitional countries each year. 1 Intravenous (IV), subcutaneous (SC), and intramuscular (IM) are three most frequently used injection routes in medication administration. IV injection is …It happens on occasion, no biggie. As long as it's not shooting out blood, you should be okay. Sounds like you were clear and careful with the injection. I do IM and I have never had blood "shoot out", meaning like go in the air. I have had a lot of blood build up on the injection site and start to pool there. The injection site is in the middle of the deltoid muscle, about 2.5 to 5 cm (1 to 2 inches) below the acromion process. To locate this area, lay three fingers across the deltoid muscle and below the acromion process. The injection site is generally three finger widths below, in the middle of the muscle. Caused by injection of oil or emulsion drugs into the blood vessels. Prevention: after inserting the needle, before injecting the drug, must test the syringe to ...stopping of heart. sweating. swollen, painful, or tender lymph glands in the neck, armpit, or groin. tightness in the chest. unconsciousness. unusual tiredness or weakness. vomiting. Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine.There are no major blood vessels or large nerves in the area. Page 5. Fluid and Medication Management. Intramuscular Injection protocol. The latest version of ...Side Effects. Redness or pain at the injection site, stomach upset, headache, dizziness, trouble sleeping, or weight gain may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or ...In PWID, pseudoaneurysms are frequently associated with surrounding soft tissue infection due to repeated non-sterile injection. This further increases the risk of rupture and bleeding which can be limb- or life-threatening [26, 27]. The femoral artery in the groin is the most commonly affected vessel in PWID .Ketorolac is a medication used in the management and treatment of acute moderate to severe pain. It is in the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug class. This activity outlines the indications, actions, and contraindications for ketorolac as a valuable agent in treating acute pain. It will also highlight the mechanism of action, adverse event profile, …In low-income countries, drugs to prevent or treat postpartum haemorrhage (uterotonics) are not always available. Oxytocin is one such drug. Oxytocin prevents excessive postpartum bleeding by helping the uterus to contract. It is given to the mother by injection into a vein or into muscle during or immediately after the birth of her baby.After getting the injection the person: Gets a rash. Feels very itchy. Has trouble breathing (shortness of breath). Has swelling of the mouth, lips, or face. Call the provider if: You …An injection site reaction is your body's response to an immunization or other injection at the site where it was administered. It typically manifests as swelling, pain, rash, redness, or bleeding. Injection site reactions are usually caused by an immune response to the needle, vaccine, or other medicine. These types of reactions are typically ...Depo-Provera (contraceptive injection): Depo-Provera is a well-known brand name for medroxyprogesterone, a contraceptive injection for women that contains the hormone progestin. Depo-Provera is given as an injection once every three months. Depo-Provera typically suppresses ovulation, keeping your ovaries from releasing an egg. Depo-Provera ...May 2, 2016 · Three days after receiving the therapeutic enoxaparin injection, she was admitted to hospital following a collapse and complained of severe abdominal pain radiating to the back for one day. The pain was throughout the abdomen and worse on the lower abdomen and both groins. She felt cold, drowsy, and tired. She denied nausea, vomiting, bowel ... Descriptions. Oxytocin is a hormone used to help start or continue labor and to control bleeding after delivery. It is also sometimes used to help milk secretion in breast-feeding. Oxytocin may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.Jul 30, 2021 · Subcutaneous. Intraosseous. Intradermal. Side effects. Summary. Injections deliver liquid medications, fluids, or nutrients directly into a person’s body. Different types of injections include ... The injection site is in the middle of the deltoid muscle, about 2.5 to 5 cm (1 to 2 inches) below the acromion process. To locate this area, lay three fingers across the deltoid muscle and below the acromion process. The injection site is generally three finger widths below, in the middle of the muscle.1) The sciatic nerve is the most commonly injured nerve following IM injection because of its large size and the fact that the buttock is a common injection site. 2,3,4,5) Although the incidence of sciatic nerve injection injury (SNII) has decreased over the last few decades, 3) it remains a persistent world-wide problem that affects patients ...Introduction. Injections are among the most common health care procedures throughout the world, with at least 16 billion administered in developing and transitional countries each year. 1 Intravenous (IV), subcutaneous (SC), and intramuscular (IM) are three most frequently used injection routes in medication administration. IV injection is …11 DESCRIPTION. FASLODEX® (fulvestrant) injection for intramuscular administration is an estrogen receptor antagonist. The chemical name is 7-alpha-[9-(4,4,5,5,5-penta fluoropentylsulphinyl) nonyl]estra-1,3,5-(10)- triene 3,17-beta-diol. The molecular formula is C32H47F5O3S and its structural formula is:Contraceptive injection Find out about the contraceptive injection, including who can use it, how well it works and possible side effects. What is the contraceptive injection? Where to get it Who can get it Getting the injection Side effects and risks ...Botulinum neurotoxins E (BoNT/E) and A (BoNT/A) act by cleaving Synaptosome-Associated Protein 25 (SNAP25) at two different C-terminal sites, but they …If you experience a blood spurt after an intramuscular injection, it is essential to remain calm. Follow these steps for appropriate treatment: Apply pressure: Immediately apply gentle pressure to the injection site using a clean cloth or sterile gauze. This helps control the bleeding and promotes clot formation.By intramuscular injection, or by intravenous injection Females of childbearing potential 1000–1500 units, dose to administered immediately or within 72 hours; for large transplacental bleed, extra 100 units per mL fetal red cells (preferably by intravenous injection), intravenous route recommended for patients with bleeding disorders.Abstract. The intramuscular route allows for rapid absorption of drugs into the circulation. Using the correct injection technique and selecting the correct site will minimise the risk of complications. Citation: Shepherd E(2018) Injection technique 1: administering drugs via the intramuscular route. Nursing Times[online]; 118: 4, 23-25.IM injections in the deltoid muscle are not recommended for children 12 months of age and younger.1. Table 1: Needle selection guidelines for IM injections in the deltoid muscle using needle gauge 22-25 for children >12 months to 12 years of age. Table 2: Needle selection guidelines for IM injections in the deltoid muscle using needle gauge 22 ...Jun 22, 2022 · a Two patients had minor bleeding events after IM vaccination. Patient #1 was a 53‐years‐old man treated with rivaroxaban 20 mg OD for long‐term therapeutic anticoagulation. After IM injection with ChAdOx1 nCoV‐19 vaccine, he developed a 3‐cm superficial subcutaneous hematoma at the site of injection. The major disadvantage of IMP is the discomfort associated with intramuscular injections, in addition to the potential risks for local inflammatory reactions and abscesses that could arise from repetitive injections of the oil vehicle . The formulation of progesterone as a vaginal gel, from a practical perspective, is very convenient and well ...In a study by Moharreri et al. (2007), when pain severity and bleeding status were evaluated after the IM injections in the dorsogluteal and ventrogluteal regions, it was found that patients who were injected into the ventrogluteal region felt less pain and had less bleeding compared with the dorsogluteal region 14.Before injecting each dose, clean the injection site with rubbing alcohol. Change the injection site each time to lessen injury under the skin . Inject each dose within 2 hours of mixing.Cyanocobalamin injection is used to treat or prevent vitamin B12 deficiency caused by the following conditions: Addisonian (pernicious) anemia. Stomach or bowel problems. Worm infestation. Pancreas or bowel cancer. Folic acid deficiency.First, most especially with the pen devices, once you have injected the medication into the skin, count to five before removing the needle. Second, apply gentle pressure with a gauze pad over the injection site as you remove the needle from your skin, and hold it for about 10 seconds. The gauze helps seal the punctured tissue and prevents leakage.Extended-release injectable naltrexone is a microsphere formulation of the opioid antagonist (blocker) medication naltrexone. It is administered by intramuscular (IM) gluteal injection once a month. The extended-release injectable form helps address patient noncompliance, which can limit the effectiveness of oral naltrexone (Volpicelli et al., 1997).In a study by Moharreri et al. (2007), when pain severity and bleeding status were evaluated after the IM injections in the dorsogluteal and ventrogluteal regions, it was found that patients who were injected into the ventrogluteal region felt less pain and had less bleeding compared with the dorsogluteal region 14.Extended-release injectable naltrexone is a microsphere formulation of the opioid antagonist (blocker) medication naltrexone. It is administered by intramuscular (IM) gluteal injection once a month. The extended-release injectable form helps address patient noncompliance, which can limit the effectiveness of oral naltrexone (Volpicelli et al., 1997).Im not brave enough to inject myself sandra_23441 elaine30973. Posted 6 years ago. NO thanks I’ll just us talk get a lecture, maybe if they weren’t so mean with our b12 I wouldn’t have to top up, can’t work with the headaches and exhaustion, it’ll be fine. ... tables don’t help it has to be injections I do have one at docs every 12 ...An injection site reaction is your body's response to an immunization or other injection at the site where it was administered. It typically manifests as swelling, pain, rash, redness, or bleeding. Injection site reactions are usually caused by an immune response to the needle, vaccine, or other medicine. These types of reactions are typically ...Choose your injection site and begin the steps: Clean the site: Wash your hands and clean the injection site with rubbing alcohol. Allow your skin to dry. Prepare the syringe: Carefully remove the ...If you get a blood return, that means that the needle is in a blood vessel rather than in the muscle. Don't panic! The quick fix for this problem is to remove ...Feb 22, 2022 · Depo-Provera (contraceptive injection): Depo-Provera is a well-known brand name for medroxyprogesterone, a contraceptive injection for women that contains the hormone progestin. Depo-Provera is given as an injection once every three months. Depo-Provera typically suppresses ovulation, keeping your ovaries from releasing an egg. Depo-Provera ... For a syringe, vertically insert the full length of the needle at a 90-degree angle into the skin fold. Slowly press down on the plunger (or button, if using an auto-injector pen) with your finger ... Cyanocobalamin injection is used to treat or prevent vitamin B12 deficiency caused by the following conditions: Addisonian (pernicious) anemia. Stomach or bowel problems. Worm infestation. Pancreas or bowel cancer. Folic acid deficiency. Side Effects. Redness or pain at the injection site, stomach upset, headache, dizziness, trouble sleeping, or weight gain may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or ...Stretch the skin flat (Z-tracking if applicable) Inject the needle to the hub at a 90-degree angle. Do not aspirate or drawback as this can increase pain and discomfort in children. Inject the medication at a slow and steady pace. Remove the needle and apply a cotton ball. Place the needle in a sharps container.The conjugated estrogens form of estrogen injection comes as a powder to mix with sterile water and inject into a muscle or vein. It is usually injected by a health care professional as a single dose. A second dose may be injected 6 to 12 hours after the first dose if it is needed to control vaginal bleeding.Intramuscular Route (IM): Intramuscular injections are administered into the muscle through the skin and subcutaneous tissue. The recommended site is based on age. Use the correct needle length and gauge based on the age, weight, and gender of the recipient. A video demonstrating administering a vaccine by intramuscular injection can be found …pale skin. puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue. ringing in the ears. swelling of the face, fingers, feet, or lower legs. tightness in the chest. unusual tiredness or weakness. weight gain. Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention.If there has been sufficient ovarian activity to produce a proliferative endometrium, one can expect withdrawal bleeding forty-eight to seventy-two hours after the last injection. This may be followed by spontaneous normal cycles. Functional Uterine Bleeding: Five to 10 mg are given daily for six doses. Bleeding may be expected to …Jun 22, 2022 · a Two patients had minor bleeding events after IM vaccination. Patient #1 was a 53‐years‐old man treated with rivaroxaban 20 mg OD for long‐term therapeutic anticoagulation. After IM injection with ChAdOx1 nCoV‐19 vaccine, he developed a 3‐cm superficial subcutaneous hematoma at the site of injection. If worn, perform hand hygiene and change gloves between patients. 1. Use the correct syringe and needle. Administer vaccine using either a 1-mL or 3-mL syringe. Use a 22- to 25-gauge needle. Use the correct needle length based on the patient’s gender and weight. For adults, use a 1- to 1.5-inch needle. 1.5 in (38 mm) OR. They may occur in PWID locally at injection sites or in distant arteries due to haematogenous seeding. The aorta is the most commonly affected vessel followed by the femoral artery . The majority of cases of mycotic aneurysms occur in PWID or after invasive endovascular or surgical procedures.Intramuscular injection is quicker to administer, more convenient for the provider, requires relatively less skill and thus can be given by lower‐level providers. ... Guven E, et al. Intramuscular versus intravenous prophylactic oxytocin for postpartum hemorrhage after vaginal delivery: a randomized controlled study. Archives of … IPOL and Pneumovax 23 can be administered by IM or subcut injection. IM injections are administered into the muscle through the skin and subcutaneous tissue. There are only two recommended sites for administering vaccines by IM injection: Vastus lateralis muscle in the anterolateral thigh; Deltoid muscle in the upper arm When somebody gets a traumatic injury like a gunshot, it’s often not the trauma itself that kills them, but blood loss. In honor of Stop the Bleed Day (March 31), hospitals and sch...Preparing a syringe: · If you see blood going into the syringe, it means the tip of the needle is in a blood vessel. · If you don't see blood going into the ...Sep 30, 2020 ... ... i.m. injection at least 90 min after the first injection. The i.m. dose was given as two 5 ml (0.5 g each) injections into the thigh (rectus ...Background: The efficacy of contraceptives is affected by its route and ease of administration. Herein, both pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the once-a-month combined injectable contraceptive medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) plus estradiol cypionate (E(2)-Cyp) were compared after intramuscular (IM) or subcutaneous (SC) …After comparing vaginal gel supplementation and intramuscular injection of progesterone for external fertilization and transfer of embryo with GnRH-a protocol, Chi et al. 34 found that the rate of ...20/08/2010 at 9:29 am. Hi, I tried the injection at 18, having tried several types of pill, all in an effort to regulate my periods. As none worked (break through bleeding everytime) deicded to try stopping them altogether for a while with the injection. Like you, about two weeks after, i began bleeding, and continued to do so for around 10 weeks.Intramuscular administration of vitamin K for prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) has been a standard of care since the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended it in 1961. Despite the success of prevention of VKDB with vitamin K administration, the incidence of VKDB appears to be on the rise. This increase in incidence of VKDB is attributable to parental refusal as well as ...It's common to get irregular bleeding. That can be a mixture of bleeding, spotting (pink/brown/red), or no bleeding at all, until you've had 2 or 3 shots, & then you typically find that your periods stop, altogether, until you come off Depo Provera. Sometimes you can get a little irregular bleeding/brown discharge in between shots, especially ...After four rounds, a final list of statements was compiled. Recommendations: Consensus was achieved that COVID-19 vaccines licensed only for intramuscular injection should be administered intramuscularly in hemophilia patients. Prophylactic factor replacement, given on the day of vaccination with a maximum interval between prophylaxis and ...Contraceptive injections (medroxyprogesterone) Brand names: Depo-Provera, Sayana Press. Contraceptive injections (medroxyprogesterone) Find out how medroxyprogesterone injections are used for contraception and how you have them. About medroxyprogesterone contraceptive injections. Who can and cannot have them. How …Extended-release injectable naltrexone is a microsphere formulation of the opioid antagonist (blocker) medication naltrexone. It is administered by intramuscular (IM) gluteal injection once a month. The extended-release injectable form helps address patient noncompliance, which can limit the effectiveness of oral naltrexone (Volpicelli et al., 1997).The recommended site of IM injection is the deltoid muscle. 2. The application of a local firm pressure, without rubbing, is recommended during 2 to 5 minutes after injection, for both IM and SC routes 3 11 during vaccination procedure in patients with bleeding disorder or under anticoagulant. The use of a fine needle (23-gauge or smaller ... Let it dry. Remove the cap from the needle. Hold the syringe like a dart close to the site. Keep your fingers off the plunger. Stretch the skin flat using your fingers and thumb of one hand. Place the syringe at a 90-degree angle to the shot site. The needle should stand straight up from the skin. Bruising (not at place of injection) high blood pressure skin rash or itching small, red spots on skin sores, ulcers, or white spots on lips or in mouth Rare. Abdominal or stomach pain, cramping, or burning that is severe bleeding from the rectum or bloody or black, tarry stools bloody or cloudy urine blue lips and fingernailsIatrogenic axillary neuropathy after intramuscular injection of the deltoid muscle: Davidson et al., 2007 ; USA: Case report: Male: 26 years old: American Indian population: Deltoid IMI may result in direct mechanical trauma to the anterior branch of the AXN resulting in axillary mononeuropathy with axonal loss: 6After getting the injection the person: Gets a rash. Feels very itchy. Has trouble breathing (shortness of breath). Has swelling of the mouth, lips, or face. Call the provider if: You …Summary. To reduce the pain and fear associated with regular injections, try numbing the injection site with ice and/or a numbing cream. Talk with your healthcare provider about the best sites for intramuscular or subcutaneous injections, and rotate the injection site if there is any pain or bruising. If you have problems injecting yourself ...Step 5. After the injection · Press a gauze pad onto the site. · Hold the pad tightly for a minute. · Check the area for redness, bleeding, or bruising. &middo...IM injections are usually given in the buttocks, thigh, hip, or upper arm. If you need to give yourself injections often, you need to inject a different site on your body each time. This helps prevent scars and skin problems. The injection sites should be at least 1 …In PWID, pseudoaneurysms are frequently associated with surrounding soft tissue infection due to repeated non-sterile injection. This further increases the risk of rupture and bleeding which can be limb- or life-threatening [26, 27]. The femoral artery in the groin is the most commonly affected vessel in PWID .Amenorrhoea: if, when the second injection is due, bleeding has not occurred in the preceding eight weeks the second injection should not be given until pregnancy has been ruled out. Partial metabolization of norethisterone to ethinylestradiol . Norethisterone is partly metabolised to ethinylestradiol (EE) after intramuscular administration in ...Descriptions. Heparin injection is an anticoagulant. It is used to decrease the clotting ability of the blood and help prevent harmful clots from forming in blood vessels. This medicine is sometimes called a blood thinner, although it does not actually thin the blood. Heparin will not dissolve blood clots that have already formed, but it may ...

The contraceptive injection (Depo-Provera, Sayana Press or Noristerat) is used to prevent pregnancy. If used correctly, the contraceptive injection is 99% effective. This means that 1 in 100 people who use the injection will become pregnant in a year. In real world use about 6 in 100 people become pregnant in a year because people forget to get .... Matco toolbox configurator

bleeding after intramuscular injection

Desferal (Injectable) received an overall rating of 7 out of 10 stars from 1 reviews. See what others have said about Desferal (Injectable), including the effectiveness, ease of us...damage. It makes it the safest place to get an injection in your glute area. You may feel some pain or tenderness after the injection. This is normal and expected. Figure 4. Your injection site Before you give the injection, wipe the injection site with the alcohol pad for 15 seconds, then let it dry for 15 seconds.It happens on occasion, no biggie. As long as it's not shooting out blood, you should be okay. Sounds like you were clear and careful with the injection. I do IM and I have never had blood "shoot out", meaning like go in the air. I have had a lot of blood build up on the injection site and start to pool there.They classified IM injections as minor procedures (procedures associated with little tissue trauma, but relevant bleeding risk, along with transluminal cardiac, …Subcutaneous injections tend to be less painful than intramuscular injections because the needles are smaller and do not have to push through as much tissue. ... it is from slight bleeding after ...May 2, 2016 · Three days after receiving the therapeutic enoxaparin injection, she was admitted to hospital following a collapse and complained of severe abdominal pain radiating to the back for one day. The pain was throughout the abdomen and worse on the lower abdomen and both groins. She felt cold, drowsy, and tired. She denied nausea, vomiting, bowel ... A medication administered into a muscle is known as an intramuscular (IM) injection. The IM route allows for rapid absorption of specific medications. Choosing ...Rectal bleeding is usually caused by blood from the lower colon and the rectum. It can indicate various issues that may be minor or more serious. Rectal bleeding is usually caused ... The purpose of this study was to investigate the technique registered nurses (RNs) use during IM injections and incidence of blood aspiration. This descriptive study surveyed 164 RNs. Results noted that 74% of the sample continue to aspirate at least 90% of the time. Of the participants who continue to aspirate, only 3% aspirate for the ... In one clinical trial, 38 preterm infants born at less than 32 weeks’ gestational age were randomized to receive a single dose of vitamin K at birth of 0.5 mg IM, or 0.2 mg IM, or 0.2 mg by IV injection. Biochemical indices of vitamin K status were measured at birth, at 5 days and after 2 weeks of achieving full enteral feeds (> 150 mL/kg/day).A medication administered into a muscle is known as an intramuscular (IM) injection. The IM route allows for rapid absorption of specific medications. Choosing ...So, for intramuscular injections, you have some blood vessels that are in your muscles. Used to be, you put the needle in and then you’d have to pull back on the plunger to see if you got any ...Oct 18, 2021 · There are no specific contraindications to COVID‐19 vaccination for people with inherited bleeding disorders. The COVID vaccine trials demonstrating efficacy have only been performed using an intramuscular (IM) route of administration. Therefore, subcutaneous administration, which is an option for other types of vaccines for people in people ... What is SIRVA? Shoulder injury related to vaccine administration is an under-reported, preventable series of events caused by incorrect technique or landmarking for intramuscular deltoid injections. 1, 2 Specifically, SIRVA occurs when an intramuscular deltoid injection is administered into the shoulder joint. 1, 2 This results in an inflammatory process that causes damage to the ...11 DESCRIPTION. FASLODEX® (fulvestrant) injection for intramuscular administration is an estrogen receptor antagonist. The chemical name is 7-alpha-[9-(4,4,5,5,5-penta fluoropentylsulphinyl) nonyl]estra-1,3,5-(10)- triene 3,17-beta-diol. The molecular formula is C32H47F5O3S and its structural formula is:pale skin. puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue. ringing in the ears. swelling of the face, fingers, feet, or lower legs. tightness in the chest. unusual tiredness or weakness. weight gain. Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention.AI is now being used in ways we could've never dreamed of. Trusted by business builders worldwide, the HubSpot Blogs are your number-one source for education and inspiration. Resou....

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